Updated on: 2 October 2023

1. Financial interests

a) Received research funding: any grant, contract or gift, commissioned research, or fellowship from The Cochrane Collaboration or a related organisation (i.e. any organisation related to health care or medical research) to conduct research?
No

b) Had paid consultancies: any paid work, consulting fees (in cash or kind) from a related organisation?
Yes - I work in a research team, and we have three research grants from the World Health Organisation to develop reviews on the topics of diabetes and obesity. I have also received consultancy fees from the Robert Koch Institute for a series of reviews on post-acute COVID conditions (PASC).

c) Received honoraria: one-time payments (in cash or kind) from a related organisation?
No

d) Served as a director, officer, partner, trustee, employee or held a position of management with a related organisation?
Yes - I work as the Editor-in-Chief of BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine and freelance Clinical Editor for the BMJ (independent contractor for the BMJ). I am a Managing Editor for the Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group at the University of Dusseldorf, Germany.

e) Possessed share-holdings, stock, stock options, equity with a related organisation (excludes mutual funds or similar arrangements where the individual has no control over the selection of the shares)?
No

f) Received personal gifts from a related organisation?
No

g) Had an outstanding loan with a related organisation?
No

h) Received royalty payments from a related organisation?
No

2. Do you have any other competing interests that could pose a conflict of interest that would reasonably appear to be related to the primary interest?
No