Updated on: 25 February 2022

1. Financial interests

a) Received research funding: any grant, contract or gift, commissioned research, or fellowship from The Cochrane Collaboration or a related organisation (i.e. any organisation related to health care or medical research) to conduct research?
Yes - Fellowships from Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group (2003, 2005, 2012)

b) Had paid consultancies: any paid work, consulting fees (in cash or kind) from a related organisation?
Yes - from the World Health Organisation; EuroHealth Group for pharmaceutical policy work in Kazakhstan (2010-2015) - World Bank project on pharmaceutical / health care reform.

c) Received honoraria: one-time payments (in cash or kind) from a related organisation?
No

d) Served as a director, officer, partner, trustee, employee or held a position of management with a related organisation?
Yes - held a position of the Head of Research and Education Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine of the Kazan Federal University until 2019.

e) Possessed share-holdings, stock, stock options, equity with a related organisation (excludes mutual funds or similar arrangements where the individual has no control over the selection of the shares)?
No

f) Received personal gifts from a related organisation?
No

g) Had an outstanding loan with a related organisation?
No

h) Received royalty payments from a related organisation?
No

2. Do you have any other competing interests that could pose a conflict of interest that would reasonably appear to be related to the primary interest?
No